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Which of these is one of the body's barriers that helps keep germs out?
A vaccine helps the immune system learn about a germ without the person needing to catch the illness first.
The innate immune system remembers each germ it meets so it can respond faster next time.
During inflammation, why does injured tissue swell?
Which cells release antibodies?
How many polypeptide chains make up one Y-shaped antibody molecule?
Why is the antibody response to a second exposure to the same pathogen usually faster than the first?
Compare innate and adaptive immunity in terms of speed, specificity and memory.
How does herd immunity help protect a person who cannot be vaccinated?
Maternal antibodies protect a newborn but disappear between 6 and 12 months of age, whereas protection after infection or vaccination can last much longer. Explain the difference in mechanism.